CARA PENULISAN DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Buku oleh Satu Orang Austin, J.L. 1962. How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Grisham, J. 1994. The Pelican Brief. New York: Warner. Schiffrin, Deborah. 1994. Approaches to Discourse. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers. Buku oleh Dua atau Tiga Pengarang Brown, P. dan S.C. Levinson. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. London: Cambridge University Press. Hewson, L. and J. Martin. 1991. Redefining Translation: The Variational Approach. London: Routledge. Buku oleh Lebih dari Tiga Pengarang Alwi, H....

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Response Text (Review)

What is a response? We all have opinions about texts. Think of all the books you have read. Some of these books you would have liked and others you would have hated. The same with television shows. How do you feel about ‘Neighbours’, ‘Home and Away’, ‘X Files’, ‘Beverly Hills 90210’, ‘Seinfeld’, ‘The Simpsons’, ‘Married with Children’, and ‘The Nanny’? When you express your opinion about a text you are giving a response. A response is a text that gives a person’s response or reaction to another text (a book, film, play, poem, and so...

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Discussion Text

What is a discussion? Often you will have to make decisions about things. Before you decide if something is good or bad, you usually look at both sides. Many times in life we have to decide if we are for or against something. Other times we have to decide if something is right or wrong. Judges do this when they listen to evidence in the courts. When we speak or write about a topic and include both sides of the case we are creating a discussion. The discussion text type gives the for and against, the positive and negative, or the good...

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Explanation Text

What is a explanation? There will be times when you want to tell someone how or why something occurs. Your science teacher might ask you to tell how pollution affects the environment. Your little sister might ask you why some trees do not have leaves in winter. Speaking or writing about how or why things happen is called explanation. The explaining text type tells how or why something occurs. It looks at the steps rather than the things. The purpose of an explanation is to tell each step of the process (the how) and give reasons (the...

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Narrative Text

What is a narrative? A narrative is a piece of text which tells a story and, in doing so, entertains or informs the reader or listener. Features of a narrative Constructing a narrative The steps for constructing a narrative are: an orientation (can be a paragraph, a picture or opening chapter) in which the narrator tells the audience about who is in the story, when the story is taking place and where the action is happening a complication that sets off a chain of events that influences what will happen in the story a sequence of...

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Procedure Text

What is a procedure? Have you ever read the instructions on how to make a model, program a video recorder or cook instant noodles? If so, you have worked with a procedure text. A procedure, therefore, is a piece of text that gives us instructions for doing something. The purpose of a procedure text type is to explain how something can be done. Some examples of procedure text are: Directions Recipes Instruction manuals Itineraries Features of a procedure text Constructing a procedure text The steps for constructing a procedure text...

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